Indian Poetics

Indian poetics 

Indian poetics has its diverse meaning in itself.It is writtern in many known languages and it is primarily concerned with drama and the analysis of tragedy constitutes the core of the discussion .The poetry reflects diverse spiritual traditions within India.There are also schools for Indian poetics like:

1. Rasa

2. Dhvani

3. Auchitya

4. Vakrokti

5. Riti

6. Alankar

1.Rasa

The rasa theory was founded by Bharat Muni and later it was developed  by  philosopher Abhinavgupta .There are eight Rasas: the Erotic (srngara), the Comic (Hasya) the Pathetic (Karuna), the Furious (Raudra), the Heroic (Vira), the Terrible (Bhayanaka), the Odious (Bibhatasa), and the Marvelous (Adbhuta). These Rasas arise out of four basic or original ones.

2.Dhvani

Anandvardhan is famous Sanskrit critic who has used the term 'Dhvani' in his theory. Dhvani suggest verbal meaning hidden meaning. Dhvani is an Indian name of Sanskrit origin. The meaning of Dhvani is sound. 

3.Auchitya

Aucitya is defined as harmony and in one aspect it is proportion between the whole and the parts between the chief and the subsidiary. This proportion is all the morals and beauty in art.To use the elements of a poem such that they deliver essence in their appropriate place is called “Auchitya”. 

4.Vakrokti

Vakrokti consists of two components - 'vakra' and 'ukti'. The first component means 'crooked, indirect or unique' and the second means 'poetic expression or speech'.It is a poetic language as language of metaphor and suggestive communication.

5. Riti

Riti is the theory of language of literature.Through it is described for the first time in Bharata's Natyasastra itself under the name of "Vrtti".

6. Alankar

Alankara is a concept in Indian classical music and literally means "ornament, decoration". An alankara is any pattern of musical decoration a musician with tones based on svaras and its concept is referred  in Hindustani music.

Examples of Indian poetics

➡For Rasa one way is through the use of gestures and facial expressions of the actors. Expressing Rasa in classical Indian dance form is referred to as Rasaabhinaya in gujarati theatre.

➡The famous play Mudrarakshash by Vishakhadutta shows  a very striking vakrokti  speech by Shiva, when onefine morning he comes home with Ganga on his head to the utterconcentration of Parvati. 

➡Dhvani kavya relates to the soul knows as atma and its refers the music called mrudant in which any drama or art gets light upon it.

➡Vakrokti is significant for T.S.Eliot to whom Hamlet posed a lot of unanswered questions, Macbeth was a perfect example of clarity over vakrokti